| Which of the following conditions are associated with the presence of syringomyelia? |
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- Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) Congenital causes of syringomyelia include neural tube defects (myelomeningocele and tethered cord syndrome) and Chiari malformations or Klippel-Feil syndrome with spinal canal narrowing, which may lead to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow disturbances with resulting syringomyelia. ALS is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that results in weakness, respiratory distress, and death. A syrinx is not associated with ALS.
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- Parkinson disease Parkinson disease (PD) is a brain disorder that is caused by atrophy of the basal ganglia. It is not associated with PD.
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- Pseudotumor cerebri Peudotumor cerebri is a disorder related to high pressure in the brain that causes signs and symptoms of a brain tumor—hence the “pseudo.” Pseudotumor cerebri is also sometimes known as intracranial hypertension or benign intracranial hypertension. It does not cause a syrinx.
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- Chiari I malformation Congenital causes of syringomyelia include neural tube defects (myelomeningocele and tethered cord syndrome) and Chiari malformations or Klippel-Feil syndrome with spinal canal narrowing, which may lead to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow disturbances with resulting syringomyelia.